Land of the Pharaohs: Egypt

Land of the Pharaohs: Egypt
During the Neolithic Age the people of the Nile had moved toward civilization.
The Narmer Palette-used for grinding makeup for divine images in an Upper Egyptian temple about 3100 B.C.
Egypt stretches along the lower reaches of the Nile's four-thousand-mile course from Central Africa to the Mediterranean Sea.
Egypt is divided into 2 sections called by the ancient Egyptians the "Two Lands"
Pharaohs-the rulers of ancient Egypt
The most successful of these rulers, Hathsepsut, reigned as a "king" shortly after 1500 B.C.
A book of "wisdom" (advice on the conduct of life was written about 1800 B.C.
Many Egyptian deities, tracing back from the Stone Age, were originally conceived. in the form of animals
Hieroglyphs-the earliest Egyptian writing, in which pictures stood for whole words or separate sounds of words
Around 700 B.C. an even faster shorthand, the demotic (popular) script came into use.
Papyrus scrolls (rolls) became the books of the ancient world
The Egyptians built larger boats by fastening wooden planks together to make the hulls.
By 3100 B.C. they equipped the boats with masts and sails to catch the wind
Pyramid-a massive structure with slopping sides that met at an apex, used as a royal tomb in ancient Egypt
The power of the Pharaohs first reached its height in the period as known to modern scholars as the Old Kingdom beginning about 2700 B.C.
About 2200 B.C. a series of weak pharaohs allowed local officials to gain independent hereditary power in in the regions that they controlled
Before 2050 B.C. Egypt remained in turmoil but after 2050 B.C. a dynasty from the up-river city of Thebes brought the whole country under its rule, to form the middle kingdom
Egypt was dominated in 3 different times: In 525 B.C. Egypt became a province of the empire Persia, from 333 B.C. it was ruled by the Greeks, and finally in 30 B.C. it was conquered by the Romans